17.7 Object Naming

As described above, Vinum assigns default names to plexes and subdisks, although they may be overridden. Overriding the default names is not recommended: experience with the VERITAS volume manager, which allows arbitrary naming of objects, has shown that this flexibility does not bring a significant advantage, and it can cause confusion.

Names may contain any non-blank character, but it is recommended to restrict them to letters, digits and the underscore characters. The names of volumes, plexes and subdisks may be up to 64 characters long, and the names of drives may be up to 32 characters long.

Vinum objects are assigned device nodes in the hierarchy /dev/vinum. The configuration shown above would cause Vinum to create the following device nodes:

For example, consider the following configuration file:

   drive drive1 device /dev/sd1h
    drive drive2 device /dev/sd2h
    drive drive3 device /dev/sd3h
    drive drive4 device /dev/sd4h
    volume s64 setupstate
      plex org striped 64k
        sd length 100m drive drive1
        sd length 100m drive drive2
        sd length 100m drive drive3
        sd length 100m drive drive4

After processing this file, vinum(8) creates the following structure in /dev/vinum:

   brwx------  1 root  wheel   25, 0x40000001 Apr 13 16:46 Control
    brwx------  1 root  wheel   25, 0x40000002 Apr 13 16:46 control
    brwx------  1 root  wheel   25, 0x40000000 Apr 13 16:46 controld
    drwxr-xr-x  2 root  wheel       512 Apr 13 16:46 drive
    drwxr-xr-x  2 root  wheel       512 Apr 13 16:46 plex
    crwxr-xr--  1 root  wheel   91,   2 Apr 13 16:46 rs64
    drwxr-xr-x  2 root  wheel       512 Apr 13 16:46 rsd
    drwxr-xr-x  2 root  wheel       512 Apr 13 16:46 rvol
    brwxr-xr--  1 root  wheel   25,   2 Apr 13 16:46 s64
    drwxr-xr-x  2 root  wheel       512 Apr 13 16:46 sd
    drwxr-xr-x  3 root  wheel       512 Apr 13 16:46 vol

    /dev/vinum/drive:
    total 0
    lrwxr-xr-x  1 root  wheel  9 Apr 13 16:46 drive1 -> /dev/sd1h
    lrwxr-xr-x  1 root  wheel  9 Apr 13 16:46 drive2 -> /dev/sd2h
    lrwxr-xr-x  1 root  wheel  9 Apr 13 16:46 drive3 -> /dev/sd3h
    lrwxr-xr-x  1 root  wheel  9 Apr 13 16:46 drive4 -> /dev/sd4h
  
    /dev/vinum/plex:
    total 0
    brwxr-xr--  1 root  wheel   25, 0x10000002 Apr 13 16:46 s64.p0
    
    /dev/vinum/rsd:
    total 0
    crwxr-xr--  1 root  wheel   91, 0x20000002 Apr 13 16:46 s64.p0.s0
    crwxr-xr--  1 root  wheel   91, 0x20100002 Apr 13 16:46 s64.p0.s1
    crwxr-xr--  1 root  wheel   91, 0x20200002 Apr 13 16:46 s64.p0.s2
    crwxr-xr--  1 root  wheel   91, 0x20300002 Apr 13 16:46 s64.p0.s3
  
    /dev/vinum/rvol:
    total 0
    crwxr-xr--  1 root  wheel   91,   2 Apr 13 16:46 s64
  
    /dev/vinum/sd:
    total 0
    brwxr-xr--  1 root  wheel   25, 0x20000002 Apr 13 16:46 s64.p0.s0
    brwxr-xr--  1 root  wheel   25, 0x20100002 Apr 13 16:46 s64.p0.s1
    brwxr-xr--  1 root  wheel   25, 0x20200002 Apr 13 16:46 s64.p0.s2
    brwxr-xr--  1 root  wheel   25, 0x20300002 Apr 13 16:46 s64.p0.s3
  
    /dev/vinum/vol:
    total 1
    brwxr-xr--  1 root  wheel   25,   2 Apr 13 16:46 s64
    drwxr-xr-x  3 root  wheel       512 Apr 13 16:46 s64.plex
  
    /dev/vinum/vol/s64.plex:
    total 1
    brwxr-xr--  1 root  wheel   25, 0x10000002 Apr 13 16:46 s64.p0
    drwxr-xr-x  2 root  wheel       512 Apr 13 16:46 s64.p0.sd
  
    /dev/vinum/vol/s64.plex/s64.p0.sd:
    total 0
    brwxr-xr--  1 root  wheel   25, 0x20000002 Apr 13 16:46 s64.p0.s0
    brwxr-xr--  1 root  wheel   25, 0x20100002 Apr 13 16:46 s64.p0.s1
    brwxr-xr--  1 root  wheel   25, 0x20200002 Apr 13 16:46 s64.p0.s2
    brwxr-xr--  1 root  wheel   25, 0x20300002 Apr 13 16:46 s64.p0.s3

Although it is recommended that plexes and subdisks should not be allocated specific names, Vinum drives must be named. This makes it possible to move a drive to a different location and still recognize it automatically. Drive names may be up to 32 characters long.

17.7.1 Creating File Systems

Volumes appear to the system to be identical to disks, with one exception. Unlike UNIX® drives, Vinum does not partition volumes, which thus do not contain a partition table. This has required modification to some disk utilities, notably newfs(8), which previously tried to interpret the last letter of a Vinum volume name as a partition identifier. For example, a disk drive may have a name like /dev/ad0a or /dev/da2h. These names represent the first partition (a) on the first (0) IDE disk (ad) and the eighth partition (h) on the third (2) SCSI disk (da) respectively. By contrast, a Vinum volume might be called /dev/vinum/concat, a name which has no relationship with a partition name.

Normally, newfs(8) interprets the name of the disk and complains if it cannot understand it. For example:

# newfs /dev/vinum/concat
newfs: /dev/vinum/concat: can't figure out file system partition

Note: The following is only valid for FreeBSD versions prior to 5.0:

In order to create a file system on this volume, use the -v option to newfs(8):

# newfs -v /dev/vinum/concat

This, and other documents, can be downloaded from ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/doc/.

For questions about FreeBSD, read the documentation before contacting <questions@FreeBSD.org>.
For questions about this documentation, e-mail <doc@FreeBSD.org>.

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